Newswise Feature Channel: All Journal News

A New Framework for Assessing Climate Risks for Businesses

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 06:05:34 EST

A new study categorizes corporate climate risks into physical, transition and perceived categories. Researchers propose an integrated assessment framework combining exposure data, management capabilities and market perceptions.

Revealing the Key Player in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Could COMP Be the Solution?

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 06:00:31 EST

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a serious disease that impairs mouth functionality, often leading to restricted opening and a high risk of malignant transformation. New research has uncovered a crucial player in this disease: cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP).

Physicists from Ben-Gurion University Achieve Breakthrough in Measuring Ultrafast Laser Pulses

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:15:01 EST

Researchers at Ben-Gurion University have achieved a major breakthrough in measuring ultrafast laser pulses, overcoming a long-standing challenge in strong-field physics. Led by Dr. Eugene Frumker, the team developed a precise method to measure laser intensity and duration at the interaction point using ion analysis. This advancement improves accuracy in laser-driven experiments, paving the way for new discoveries in attosecond science and strong field physics.

Move More, Think Sharper: How Physical Activity Boosts Brain Health in Ageing

University of South Australia — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:05:51 EST

A brisk walk, a splash of water aerobics, or even a light jog around the block - if your heart rate goes up then so too will your brain health according to ...

Elucidating Earth's Interior Through Advanced Teleseismic Phase Picking

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:05:21 EST

A deep learning-based scheme is proposed for automated and efficient processing of teleseismic phases. 1. The validation with two teleseismic phases, PcP and PKiKP, demonstrate high detection accuracies and low picking errors. 2. Deep-learning picking of first peaks is more accurate than picking first breaks of teleseismic phases. 3. This proposed scheme would enhance mining of teleseismic phases and probing of Earth's interior structures and their dynamics.

Do Robots Dream of Electron Beams?

Brookhaven National Laboratory — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:00:43 EST

As light source technologies and capabilities continue to advance, researchers must navigate increasingly complex workflows and swiftly evolving experimental demands.To meet these challenges, a team of NSLS-II scientists is training a team of AI-driven collaborative robots.

Extreme Monsoon Changes Threaten the Bay of Bengal's Role as a Critical Food Source

Rutgers University-New Brunswick — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:00:00 EST

New research involving Rutgers professors has revealed that expected, extreme changes in India's summer monsoon could drastically hamper the Bay of Bengal's ability to support a crucial element of the region's food supply: marine life. The study, published in Nature Geoscience, was conducted by scientists from Rutgers University, the University of Arizona and collaborators from India, China and Europe. To reach their conclusions, the scientists examined how the monsoon, which brings heavy rains to the Indian subcontinent, has influenced the Bay of Bengal's marine productivity over the past 22,000 years.

A Vast Molecular Cloud, Long Invisible, Is Discovered Near Solar System

Rutgers University-New Brunswick — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 05:00:00 EST

An international team of scientists led by a Rutgers University-New Brunswick astrophysicist has discovered a potentially star-forming cloud that is one of the largest single structures in the sky and among the closest to the sun and Earth ever to be detected.

Accurate and Rapid Arthritis Diagnosis in Just 10 Minutes!

National Research Council of Science and Technology — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:32 EST

Dr. Ho Sang Jung and his research team from the Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division at the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), in collaboration with Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, have developed a technology that enables the diagnosis of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis within 10 minutes using synovial fluid.

Pretrained Machine Learning Models May Help Accurately Diagnose Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Resource-limited Settings

University of Chicago Medical Center — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 18:05:07 EST

Artificial intelligence models, pretrained on vast datasets, significantly outperformed a standard baseline model in identifying nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) from digital images of tissue samples, according to research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting, held April 25-30.

EMBARGOED: Social 'Hippie' Spiders Don't Believe in Labels

University of Portsmouth — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 18:00:00 EST

Study raises the question of whether social 'hippie' spiders truly have personalities at all Individual behaviour in spider communities far more fluid than previously thought Instead of fixed behavioural types, spiders appear to adjust their behaviour dynamically based on circumstances

AACR: Topical gel relieves painful skin rash side effect caused by targeted therapy for colorectal cancer

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 16:30:00 EST

(mid dot) LUT014, a topical BRAF inhibitor made by Lutris Pharma, is the first agent to treat the cause of the rash without interfering with the treatment itself (mid dot) Over two-thirds of patients had successful treatment with the higher dose of LUT014 compared to one-third with placebo

AACR: Topical Treatment Offers Relief From Painful Skin Rash Caused by Targeted Cancer Therapy

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 16:30:00 EST

UCLA researchers demonstrated that a novel topical BRAF inhibitor gel called LUT014 significantly reduces the severity of an acne-like rash, a common and painful side effect experienced by patients undergoing anti-EGFR therapies for colorectal cancer.

AACR: Olaparib and Pembrolizumab Combination Shows Early Promise in Molecularly Selected, Tumor-Agnostic Trial

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 14:00:00 EST

* Combining Lynparza (olaparib) and Keytruda (pembrolizumab) showed antitumor activity in multiple cancer types, particularly those with BRCA1/2 mutations * Combination demonstrated complete responses and partial responses in different cancer types, including those beyond the currently approved indications for these therapies

Immunotherapy Before and After Surgery Improves Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 12:00:00 EST

Patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer who received the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab before, during and after standard-of-care surgery had longer event-free survival without the cancer coming back and higher rates of substantial tumor shrinkage prior to surgery, according to the first interim analysis of a randomized, open-label phase 3 clinical trial led by investigators from Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

Managing Multiple Risk Factors Can Offset Hypertension Death Risk

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 06:10:27 EST

New research has shown that hypertensive individuals who maintain optimal control of several key health risk factors--such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and lifestyle behaviors--can significantly reduce their risk of dying prematurely. The study found that with each additional risk factor brought under control, the risk of death from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other causes dropped substantially. Most importantly, those who achieved high levels of joint risk factor control had no greater risk of early death than people without hypertension. This suggests that a comprehensive, multi-pronged approach to managing hypertension could effectively eliminate the excess mortality risk associated with the condition.

Glycan-Coated Magnets: A Game-Changer for Safer Food Supply Chains

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 05:50:13 EST

A new method using glycan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (gMNPs) is poised to change the way we detect foodborne pathogens like Escherichia coli and Salmonella in complex food matrices such as melons, lettuce, and raw chicken. Unlike traditional methods that rely on expensive antibodies or lengthy enrichment processes, this innovation offers a rapid detection system that extracts and confirms pathogens through qPCR in less than four hours. The gMNPs bind efficiently to pathogens, even in the presence of natural microbiota, across a wide range of pH levels and food matrices. At just $0.50 per test and without the need for cold storage, this approach has the potential to significantly reduce the global burden of foodborne illnesses.

Multistakeholder Solutions for Urban Resilience for Coastal Cities

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 05:10:40 EST

A groundbreaking study of Chittagong City exposes how governance gaps and infrastructure failures exacerbate urban flooding, proposing 10 key strategies combining engineering solutions with community engagement to build climate-resilient cities.

Space-to-Ground Infrared Camouflage with Radiative Heat Dissipation

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 04:55:42 EST

With the rapid development of the space industry, enhancing the stealth and survivability of spacecraft has become a critical challenge. Professor Qiang Li's team at Zhejiang University has developed an innovative multilayer thin-film camouflage device, enabling invisibility across H, K, MWIR, and LWIR bands while efficiently radiating heat to address thermal control issues in space. This technology achieves precise management of solar and thermal radiation, offering significant support for future space exploration.

From Aesthetics to Precision: How Clear Aligners Are Transforming Orthodontic Care

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Sun, 27 Apr 2025 04:35:31 EST

Clear aligners have emerged as a popular alternative to traditional braces, offering aesthetic and comfort advantages. However, their unique biomechanical properties and material characteristics present distinct clinical challenges. A recent expert consensus provides comprehensive guidelines for optimizing clear aligner therapy (CAT), covering case selection, treatment principles, and clinical procedures. The study highlights the importance of tailored strategies for different tooth movements, such as molar distalization and arch expansion, and introduces a novel assessment tool to grade treatment difficulty. By addressing potential complications and emphasizing patient-specific approaches, this consensus aims to enhance treatment efficacy and broaden the adoption of clear aligners in orthodontic practice.